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PARSIQ market info
Market cap
Market cap is calculated by multiplying the circulating supply of a coin with its latest price. Market cap = Circulating supply × Last price
Circulating supply
Total amount of a coin that is publicly available on the market.
Market cap ranking
A coin's ranking in terms of market cap value.
All-time high
Highest price a coin has reached in its trading history.
All-time low
Lowest price a coin has reached in its trading history.
Automated One-Step Swap
Frustrated by all the repetitive token approvals and signatures just to complete a basic transaction?
Reactive Smart Contracts (RSCs) can eliminate extra steps in dApp transactions, making the user experience smoother than ever.
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41
Reactive Network | By PARSIQ
With almost 800k transactions, Reactive Network is growing fast.
Want to check out what's happening on Reactive Network in real-time?
Reactive Scan has been updated yet again to help you stay up to speed and this still isn't even it's final form!
4.75K
58
Reactive Network | By PARSIQ
What is happening behind the scenes when you make a transaction?
4.36K
30
Reactive Network | By PARSIQ
Meet the Cross-Chain Oracle
Oracles bring real-world data to dApps, but they need interoperability to be fully effective. Without it, DeFi on Arbitrum can’t tap into Ethereum’s oracles.
Reactive Smart Contracts solve this by enabling trustless, cross-chain data transfers, delivering real-time information to every dApp!
9.6K
50
CoinDesk
By Omkar Godbole (All times ET unless indicated otherwise)
The crypto market is a sea of green as traders look past the stagflation specter raised by the Fed on Wednesday and cheer President Donald Trump's hint of a big trade-deal announcement with a major trading partner.
Bitcoin jumped 2.6%, nearing $100,000, even with the WSJ reporting that the announcement could be more of a framework for talks than actual confirmation of an agreement. The wider market put in bigger gains, with XRP, ETH, ADA, DOGE and several other coins rising 4% to 6%. Tokens associated with memecoin projects, layer 1s and DeFi are leading the market higher.
In key news, cumulative inflows into the U.S.-listed spot bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) have hit an all-time high of $40.62 billion, signaling continued institutional adoption. (Check Chart of the Day.)
On Thursday, Arizona became the second U.S. state to pass a bitcoin reserve bill. The regulation allows the state to take ownership of abandoned coins in the event that the owner ignores messages sent within three years. It also lets the state make BTC investments.
An ether whale ICO participant sold 5,200 ETH at $9.54 million, extending a series of recent liquidations. The whale still holds 8,300 ETH ($15.28 million).
Decentralized layer-1 blockchain Avalanche's C-Chain registered the highest amount of transactions in two years, with the median gas cost of just $0.00078. The AVAX token traded 7% higher at $21 at press time.
Stripe unveiled a new feature called Stablecoin Financial Accounts, powered by Bridge, unlocking access to dollar-denominated services in over 100 countries.
On the macro front, the first quarter U.S. unit labor cost data will be watched by traders for signs of sticky wage price inflation that could potentially delay the Fed rate cuts. Stay alert!
What to Watch
Crypto:
May 8: Judge John G. Koeltl will sentence Alex Mashinsky, the founder and former CEO of the now-defunct crypto lending firm Celsius Network, at the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York.
May 12, 1 p.m. to 5:30 p.m.: A U.S. SEC Crypto Task Force Roundtable on "Tokenization: Moving Assets Onchain: Where TradFi and DeFi Meet" will be held at the SEC's headquarters in Washington.
Macro
May 8, 7 a.m.: The Bank of England announces its interest-rate decision. The Monetary Policy Report Press Conference is livestreamed 30 minutes later.
Bank Rate Est. 4.25% vs. Prev. 4.5%
May 8, 8:30 a.m.: The U.S. Department of Labor releases unemployment insurance data for the week ended May 3.
Initial Jobless Claims Est. 230K vs. Prev. 241K
May 8, 10 a.m.: President Donald Trump will reportedly unveil the framework of a trade deal with the U.K. at a White House press conference.
May 9-12: Chinese Vice Premier He Lifeng will hold trade talks with U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent during his visit to Switzerland.
Earnings (Estimates based on FactSet data)
May 8: CleanSpark (CLSK), post-market, $-0.11
May 8: Coinbase Global (COIN), post-market, $1.88
May 8: Hut 8 (HUT), pre-market, $-0.10
May 8: MARA Holdings (MARA), post-market, $-0.52
May 13: Semler Scientific (SMLR), post-market
Token Events
Governance votes & calls
Arbitrum DAO is voting on whether to put the last $10.7 million from its 35 million ARB diversification plan into three low‑risk, dollar‑based funds from WisdomTree, Spiko and Franklin Templeton. Voting ends on May 8.
Compound DAO is voting on which new collateral type to prioritize on Compound V3. Voting ends May 8.
May 8, 10 a.m.: Balancer and Euler to host an Ask Me Anything (AMA) session.
May 15, 10 a.m.: Moca Network to host a Discord townhall session discussing network updates.
Unlocks
May 9: Movement (MOVE) to unlock 2.04% of its circulating supply worth $8.08 million.
May 11: Solayer (LAYER) to unlock 12.87% of its circulating supply worth $35.66 million.
May 12: Aptos (APT) to unlock 1.82% of its circulating supply worth $57.45 million.
May 13: WhiteBIT Coin (WBT) to unlock 27.41% of its circulating supply worth $1.14 billion.
May 15: Starknet (STRK) to unlock 4.09% of its circulating supply worth $17.7 million.
Token Launches
May 8: AIXBT to be listed on Binance.US.
May 8: Space and Time (SXT) to be listed on Binance, MEXC, BingX, KuCoin, Bitget and others.
May 16: Galxe (GAL), Litentry (LIT), Mines of Dalarnia (DAR), Orion Protocol (ORN), and PARSIQ (PRQ) to be delisted from Coinbase.
Conferences
CoinDesk's Consensus is taking place in Toronto on May 14-16. Use code DAYBOOK and save 15% on passes.
Day 3 of 3: Stripe Sessions (San Francisco)
Day 2 of 3: SALT’s Bermuda Digital Finance Forum 2025 (Hamilton, Bermuda)
May 9-10: Stanford Blockchain Governance Summit (San Francisco)
May 11-17: Canada Crypto Week (Toronto)
May 12-13: Dubai FinTech Summit
May 12-13: Filecoin (FIL) Developer Summit (Toronto)
May 12-13: Latest in DeFi Research (TLDR) Conference (New York)
May 12-14: ACI’s 9th Annual Legal, Regulatory, and Compliance Forum on Fintech & Emerging Payment Systems (New York)
May 13: Blockchain Futurist Conference (Toronto)
May 13: ETHWomen (Toronto)
May 14-16: CoinDesk's Consensus 2025 (Toronto)
Token Talk
By Shaurya Malwa
$3, just $3.
That's all Movement network earned in fees over the past 24 hours, DeFiLlama data shows, the lowest in a week for the embattled chain once valued at $1 billion.
Daily DEX volumes have cratered below $500K, a dramatic fall from earlier exuberance that saw the network process more than $2 million a day.
The slide comes days after CoinDesk reported irregularities with how the MOVE token was distributed and supplied to trading firms.
Ironically, the MOVE token launched before the chain existed, raising millions via private sales while the actual blockchain infrastructure lagged far behind.
The project handed out 66 million MOVE tokens (5% of supply) to a market-making firm called Rentech, which dumped nearly all of it for $38 million.
Founder Rushi Manche was terminated on May 7, just days after being suspended. He admitted to “zero oversight” and blamed bad-faith advisers for the project’s collapse in X posts following the CoinDesk report.
MOVE has fallen over 85% from its peak of $1.45 in December 2024 to just 15 cents.
With no trust, no traction and, now, almost no fees, Movement has turned into the cautionary tale of 2025 — a billion-dollar paper promise with a $3 reality.
Derivatives Positioning
BTC and ETH perpetual funding rates rose close to an annualized 10%, signaling a strengthening bullish mood in the market.
BTC, ETH futures premium on the CME still remain under 10%.
On Deribit, bitcoin and ether options risk reversals show a bullish bias for calls across multiple time frames.
Notable block trades include a short position in the $85K BTC put expiring in June and a calendar spread involving calls at strikes $140K and $170K, expiring on Sept. 26 and Dec. 26, respectively.
Market Movements:
BTC is up 3.49% from 4 p.m. ET Wednesday at $99,620.26 (24hrs: +2.77%)
ETH is up 7.76% at $1,939.15 (24hrs: +5.11%)
CoinDesk 20 is up 5.75% at 2,854.54 (24hrs: +3.81%)
Ether CESR Composite Staking Rate is down 6 bps at 2.894%
BTC funding rate is at 0.0048% (5.2242% annualized) on Binance
DXY is up 0.48% at 100.09
Gold is down 1.25% at $3,343.61/oz
Silver is down 0.25% at $32.40/oz
Nikkei 225 closed +0.41% at 36,928.63
Hang Seng closed +0.37% at 22,775.92
FTSE is up 0.39% at 8,592.98
Euro Stoxx 50 is up 1.21% at 5,293.07
DJIA closed on Wednesday +0.7% at 41,113.97
S&P 500 closed +0.43% at 5,631.28
Nasdaq closed +0.27% at 17,738.16
S&P/TSX Composite Index closed +0.75% at 25,161.18
S&P 40 Latin America closed -0.2% at 2,512.07
U.S. 10-year Treasury rate is up 5 bps at 4.315%
E-mini S&P 500 futures are up 1.03% at 5,170.00
E-mini Nasdaq-100 futures are up 1.4% at 20,240.00
E-mini Dow Jones Industrial Average Index futures are up 0.82% at 41,552.00
Bitcoin Stats:
BTC Dominance: 65.08 (-0.44%)
Ethereum to bitcoin ratio: 0.01942 (4.02%)
Hashrate (seven-day moving average): 909 EH/s
Hashprice (spot): $53.34
Total Fees: 6.64 BTC / $661,908.40
CME Futures Open Interest: 142,255 BTC
BTC priced in gold: 29.5 oz
BTC vs gold market cap: 8.37%
Technical Analysis
The XRP-ETH ratio has dived out of the year-to-date ascending trendline.
The breakdown suggests ether outperformance relative to XRP in the days ahead.
Crypto Equities
Strategy (MSTR): closed on Monday at $392.48 (+1.78%), up 5.35% at $413.49 in pre-market
Coinbase Global (COIN): closed at $196.56 (-0.17%), up 4.77% at $205.94
Galaxy Digital Holdings (GLXY): closed at C$26.49 (+2.28%)
MARA Holdings (MARA): closed at $13.33 (+1.37%), up 5.55% at $14.07
Riot Platforms (RIOT): closed at $7.84 (-0.25%), up 5.1% at $8.24
Core Scientific (CORZ): closed at $8.90 (-1%), up 5.28% at $9.37
CleanSpark (CLSK): closed at $8.03 (-0.74%), up 5.23% at $8.45
CoinShares Valkyrie Bitcoin Miners ETF (WGMI): closed at $14.59 (+0.34%), up 5.89% at $15.45
Semler Scientific (SMLR): closed at $33.05 (-0.12%), up 4.99% at $34.70
Exodus Movement (EXOD): closed at $40.01 (+1.34%), up 0.25% at $40.11
ETF Flows
Spot BTC ETFs:
Daily net flow: $142.3 million
Cumulative net flows: $40.68 billion
Total BTC holdings ~ 1.17 million
Spot ETH ETFs
Daily net flow: -$21.8 million
Cumulative net flows: $2.48 billion
Total ETH holdings ~ 3.45 million
Source: Farside Investors
Overnight Flows
Chart of the Day
The chart shared by pseudonymous analyst Checkmate shows the cumulative inflows into the U.S.-listed spot bitcoin ETFs have hit a record high above $40 billion.
Early this week, BlackRock's IBIT surpassed the SPDR gold ETF in year-to-date inflows.
While You Were Sleeping
Trump to Announce Trade-Deal Framework With Britain (The Wall Street Journal): The U.K. is seeking relief from steep U.S. tariffs on steel and autos in exchange for curbing a tax on digital services, according to people familiar with the talks.
India and Pakistan May Have an Off-Ramp After Their Clash. Will They Take It? (New York Times): India and Pakistan signaled room for de-escalation after Indian strikes killed over 20 in Pakistan, with both sides portraying their responses as limited and back-channel talks reportedly underway.
Binance Founder CZ Confirms He Has Applied for Trump Pardon After Prison Term (CoinDesk): CZ said his lawyers had applied for a presidential pardon after media reports in March wrongly claimed he had already done so.
Arthur Hayes Says Bitcoin Will Hit $1M by 2028 as U.S.-China Craft Hollow Trade Deal (CoinDesk): The former BitMEX CEO predicted bitcoin will hit $1 million by 2028, citing Treasury-driven liquidity and geopolitical shifts while dismissing U.S.-China trade deals as largely symbolic.
The EU Wants to End All Russian Gas Imports. Moscow’s Friends in the Bloc Say It’s a ‘Serious Mistake’ (CNBC): The European Commission’s plan to end all energy imports from Russia by 2027 was condemned by Hungary and Slovakia.
Bankers Are Bouncing Back to Life as Hunger for Junk Debt Soars (Bloomberg): Some U.S. investors are moving into European junk bonds to diversify amid tariff-related uncertainty, drawn by expectations of faster rate cuts and demand for companies insulated from trade risks.
In the Ether
The current price of PARSIQ is $0.050300. Over the last 24 hours, PARSIQ has increased by +3.95%. It currently has a circulating supply of 292,756,872 PRQ and a maximum supply of 310,256,872 PRQ, giving it a fully diluted market cap of $14.80M. At present, the PARSIQ coin holds the 284 position in market cap rankings. The PARSIQ/USD price is updated in real-time.
The rating provided is an aggregated rating collected by OKX from the sources provided and is for informational purpose only. OKX does not guarantee the quality or accuracy of the ratings. It is not intended to provide (i) investment advice or recommendation; (ii) an offer or solicitation to buy, sell or hold digital assets; or (iii) financial, accounting, legal or tax advice. Digital assets, including stablecoins and NFTs, involve a high degree of risk, can fluctuate greatly, and can even become worthless. The price and performance of the digital assets are not guaranteed and may change without notice. Your digital assets are not covered by insurance against potential losses. Historical returns are not indicative of future returns. OKX does not guarantee any return, repayment of principal or interest. OKX does not provide investment or asset recommendations. You should carefully consider whether trading or holding digital assets is suitable for you in light of your financial condition. Please consult your legal/ tax/ investment professional for questions about your specific circumstances.
By using the third-party website ("TPW"), you accept that any use of the TPW will be subject to and governed by the terms of the TPW. Unless expressly stated in writing, OKX and its affiliates ("OKX") are not in any way associated with the owner or operator of the TPW. You agree that OKX is not responsible or liable for any loss, damage and any other consequences arising from your use of the TPW. Please be aware that using a TPW may result in a loss or diminution of your assets.
Blockchain technology is celebrated for its inherent transparency, which promises to be a remedy for issues such as corruption and theft. However, for this transparency to truly serve its purpose, there's a need for continuous and detailed monitoring. This gap is one that projects like PARSIQ aspires to fill.
What is PARSIQ
PARSIQ serves as a bridge between on-chain and off-chain data, ensuring real-time transfers. Its suite of blockchain analytics tools cater to a range of industries, paving the way for additional application use cases, such as instant notifications. Furthermore, its "Smart Triggers'' feature allows reactions to specific events across numerous networks. The platform also aids users in crafting decentralized finance (DeFi) applications and setting up automated bots.
The PARSIQ team
PARSIQ was co-founded by Tom Tirman, Anatoly Ressin, and Andre Kalinowski. Tirman, serving as the CEO, boasts a rich background in fintech and banking. Ressin, the Chief Blockchain Architect, previously founded software development firm Blockvis and played a role in crafting blockchain solutions for industry giants like Deloitte and Civic. Kalinowski, a master's graduate in digital forensics and cybersecurity, launched a VC fund in 2016 that zeroes in on cybersecurity innovations.
How does PARSIQ work
With PARSIQ, users gain the ability to vigilantly monitor events across multiple blockchains. If an event takes place on a supported chain, PARSIQ can track it in real-time. Developers can harness the platform to extract data by creating custom APIs, using either webhooks or preset integrations with platforms like Telegram, Google Sheets, and Discord. Notably, the platform features "ParsiQL,” its proprietary programming language, allowing developers to create multiple work streams on the platform.
PARSIQ’s native token: PRQ
The PRQ token, PARSIQ's native cryptocurrency, was launched on September 30, 2019. It has a maximum supply of PRQ is 500 million, and a current total supply of 310.25 million PRQ.
PRQ distribution
PARSIQ distributed its tokens in the following way:
50 percent constitutes its circulating supply
37.5 percent for the reserve fund
12.5 percent divided between the development fund and the team and advisor pool
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Number of posts mentioning a token in the last 24h. This can help gauge the level of interest surrounding this token.
Contributors
Number of individuals posting about a token in the last 24h. A higher number of contributors can suggest improved token performance.
Interactions
Sum of socially-driven online engagement in the last 24h, such as likes, comments, and reposts. High engagement levels can indicate strong interest in a token.
Sentiment
Percentage score reflecting post sentiment in the last 24h. A high percentage score correlates with positive sentiment and can indicate improved market performance.
Volume rank
Volume refers to post volume in the last 24h. A higher volume ranking reflects a token’s favored position relative to other tokens.
In the last 24 hours, there have been 156 new posts about PARSIQ, driven by 53 contributors, and total online engagement reached 3.2K social interactions. The sentiment score for PARSIQ currently stands at 50%. Compared to all cryptocurrencies, post volume for PARSIQ currently ranks at 8363. Keep an eye on changes to social metrics as they can be key indicators of the influence and reach of PARSIQ.
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Posts
156
Contributors
53
Interactions
3,184
Sentiment
50%
Volume rank
#8363
X
Posts
70
Interactions
3,060
Sentiment
50%
PARSIQ FAQ
What is PARSIQ?
PARSIQ is a blockchain intelligence platform that converts blockchain events into actionable data, offering a broad spectrum of analytics tools across numerous chains.
How does the "Smart Triggers" feature work in PARSIQ?
Smart Triggers in PARSIQ are designed to automatically respond to specific events on the blockchain. For instance, if a large transaction occurs, a Smart Trigger could notify the user or even initiate another action in response.
Where can I buy PRQ tokens?
Easily buy PRQ tokens on the OKX cryptocurrency platform. OKX’s spot trading terminal includes the PRQ/USDT trading pair.
Currently, one PARSIQ is worth $0.050300. For answers and insight into PARSIQ's price action, you're in the right place. Explore the latest PARSIQ charts and trade responsibly with OKX.
What is cryptocurrency?
Cryptocurrencies, such as PARSIQ, are digital assets that operate on a public ledger called blockchains. Learn more about coins and tokens offered on OKX and their different attributes, which includes live prices and real-time charts.
When was cryptocurrency invented?
Thanks to the 2008 financial crisis, interest in decentralized finance boomed. Bitcoin offered a novel solution by being a secure digital asset on a decentralized network. Since then, many other tokens such as PARSIQ have been created as well.
Watch this video to learn about what happens when you move your money to a crypto exchange.
ESG Disclosure
ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) regulations for crypto assets aim to address their environmental impact (e.g., energy-intensive mining), promote transparency, and ensure ethical governance practices to align the crypto industry with broader sustainability and societal goals. These regulations encourage compliance with standards that mitigate risks and foster trust in digital assets.
Asset details
Name
OKcoin Europe LTD
Relevant legal entity identifier
54930069NLWEIGLHXU42
Name of the crypto-asset
parsiq
Consensus Mechanism
parsiq is present on the following networks: binance_smart_chain, ethereum.
Binance Smart Chain (BSC) uses a hybrid consensus mechanism called Proof of Staked Authority (PoSA), which combines elements of Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) and Proof of Authority (PoA). This method ensures fast block times and low fees while maintaining a level of decentralization and security. Core Components 1. Validators (so-called “Cabinet Members”): Validators on BSC are responsible for producing new blocks, validating transactions, and maintaining the network’s security. To become a validator, an entity must stake a significant amount of BNB (Binance Coin). Validators are selected through staking and voting by token holders. There are 21 active validators at any given time, rotating to ensure decentralization and security. 2. Delegators: Token holders who do not wish to run validator nodes can delegate their BNB tokens to validators. This delegation helps validators increase their stake and improves their chances of being selected to produce blocks. Delegators earn a share of the rewards that validators receive, incentivizing broad participation in network security. 3. Candidates: Candidates are nodes that have staked the required amount of BNB and are in the pool waiting to become validators. They are essentially potential validators who are not currently active but can be elected to the validator set through community voting. Candidates play a crucial role in ensuring there is always a sufficient pool of nodes ready to take on validation tasks, thus maintaining network resilience and decentralization. Consensus Process 4. Validator Selection: Validators are chosen based on the amount of BNB staked and votes received from delegators. The more BNB staked and votes received, the higher the chance of being selected to validate transactions and produce new blocks. The selection process involves both the current validators and the pool of candidates, ensuring a dynamic and secure rotation of nodes. 5. Block Production: The selected validators take turns producing blocks in a PoA-like manner, ensuring that blocks are generated quickly and efficiently. Validators validate transactions, add them to new blocks, and broadcast these blocks to the network. 6. Transaction Finality: BSC achieves fast block times of around 3 seconds and quick transaction finality. This is achieved through the efficient PoSA mechanism that allows validators to rapidly reach consensus. Security and Economic Incentives 7. Staking: Validators are required to stake a substantial amount of BNB, which acts as collateral to ensure their honest behavior. This staked amount can be slashed if validators act maliciously. Staking incentivizes validators to act in the network's best interest to avoid losing their staked BNB. 8. Delegation and Rewards: Delegators earn rewards proportional to their stake in validators. This incentivizes them to choose reliable validators and participate in the network’s security. Validators and delegators share transaction fees as rewards, which provides continuous economic incentives to maintain network security and performance. 9. Transaction Fees: BSC employs low transaction fees, paid in BNB, making it cost-effective for users. These fees are collected by validators as part of their rewards, further incentivizing them to validate transactions accurately and efficiently.
The Ethereum network uses a Proof-of-Stake Consensus Mechanism to validate new transactions on the blockchain. Core Components 1. Validators: Validators are responsible for proposing and validating new blocks. To become a validator, a user must deposit (stake) 32 ETH into a smart contract. This stake acts as collateral and can be slashed if the validator behaves dishonestly. 2. Beacon Chain: The Beacon Chain is the backbone of Ethereum 2.0. It coordinates the network of validators and manages the consensus protocol. It is responsible for creating new blocks, organizing validators into committees, and implementing the finality of blocks. Consensus Process 1. Block Proposal: Validators are chosen randomly to propose new blocks. This selection is based on a weighted random function (WRF), where the weight is determined by the amount of ETH staked. 2. Attestation: Validators not proposing a block participate in attestation. They attest to the validity of the proposed block by voting for it. Attestations are then aggregated to form a single proof of the block’s validity. 3. Committees: Validators are organized into committees to streamline the validation process. Each committee is responsible for validating blocks within a specific shard or the Beacon Chain itself. This ensures decentralization and security, as a smaller group of validators can quickly reach consensus. 4. Finality: Ethereum 2.0 uses a mechanism called Casper FFG (Friendly Finality Gadget) to achieve finality. Finality means that a block and its transactions are considered irreversible and confirmed. Validators vote on the finality of blocks, and once a supermajority is reached, the block is finalized. 5. Incentives and Penalties: Validators earn rewards for participating in the network, including proposing blocks and attesting to their validity. Conversely, validators can be penalized (slashed) for malicious behavior, such as double-signing or being offline for extended periods. This ensures honest participation and network security.
Incentive Mechanisms and Applicable Fees
parsiq is present on the following networks: binance_smart_chain, ethereum.
Binance Smart Chain (BSC) uses the Proof of Staked Authority (PoSA) consensus mechanism to ensure network security and incentivize participation from validators and delegators. Incentive Mechanisms 1. Validators: Staking Rewards: Validators must stake a significant amount of BNB to participate in the consensus process. They earn rewards in the form of transaction fees and block rewards. Selection Process: Validators are selected based on the amount of BNB staked and the votes received from delegators. The more BNB staked and votes received, the higher the chances of being selected to validate transactions and produce new blocks. 2. Delegators: Delegated Staking: Token holders can delegate their BNB to validators. This delegation increases the validator's total stake and improves their chances of being selected to produce blocks. Shared Rewards: Delegators earn a portion of the rewards that validators receive. This incentivizes token holders to participate in the network’s security and decentralization by choosing reliable validators. 3. Candidates: Pool of Potential Validators: Candidates are nodes that have staked the required amount of BNB and are waiting to become active validators. They ensure that there is always a sufficient pool of nodes ready to take on validation tasks, maintaining network resilience. 4. Economic Security: Slashing: Validators can be penalized for malicious behavior or failure to perform their duties. Penalties include slashing a portion of their staked tokens, ensuring that validators act in the best interest of the network. Opportunity Cost: Staking requires validators and delegators to lock up their BNB tokens, providing an economic incentive to act honestly to avoid losing their staked assets. Fees on the Binance Smart Chain 5. Transaction Fees: Low Fees: BSC is known for its low transaction fees compared to other blockchain networks. These fees are paid in BNB and are essential for maintaining network operations and compensating validators. Dynamic Fee Structure: Transaction fees can vary based on network congestion and the complexity of the transactions. However, BSC ensures that fees remain significantly lower than those on the Ethereum mainnet. 6. Block Rewards: Incentivizing Validators: Validators earn block rewards in addition to transaction fees. These rewards are distributed to validators for their role in maintaining the network and processing transactions. 7. Cross-Chain Fees: Interoperability Costs: BSC supports cross-chain compatibility, allowing assets to be transferred between Binance Chain and Binance Smart Chain. These cross-chain operations incur minimal fees, facilitating seamless asset transfers and improving user experience. 8. Smart Contract Fees: Deployment and Execution Costs: Deploying and interacting with smart contracts on BSC involves paying fees based on the computational resources required. These fees are also paid in BNB and are designed to be cost-effective, encouraging developers to build on the BSC platform.
Ethereum, particularly after transitioning to Ethereum 2.0 (Eth2), employs a Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism to secure its network. The incentives for validators and the fee structures play crucial roles in maintaining the security and efficiency of the blockchain. Incentive Mechanisms 1. Staking Rewards: Validator Rewards: Validators are essential to the PoS mechanism. They are responsible for proposing and validating new blocks. To participate, they must stake a minimum of 32 ETH. In return, they earn rewards for their contributions, which are paid out in ETH. These rewards are a combination of newly minted ETH and transaction fees from the blocks they validate. Reward Rate: The reward rate for validators is dynamic and depends on the total amount of ETH staked in the network. The more ETH staked, the lower the individual reward rate, and vice versa. This is designed to balance the network's security and the incentive to participate. 2. Transaction Fees: Base Fee: After the implementation of Ethereum Improvement Proposal (EIP) 1559, the transaction fee model changed to include a base fee that is burned (i.e., removed from circulation). This base fee adjusts dynamically based on network demand, aiming to stabilize transaction fees and reduce volatility. Priority Fee (Tip): Users can also include a priority fee (tip) to incentivize validators to include their transactions more quickly. This fee goes directly to the validators, providing them with an additional incentive to process transactions efficiently. 3. Penalties for Malicious Behavior: Slashing: Validators face penalties (slashing) if they engage in malicious behavior, such as double-signing or validating incorrect information. Slashing results in the loss of a portion of their staked ETH, discouraging bad actors and ensuring that validators act in the network's best interest. Inactivity Penalties: Validators also face penalties for prolonged inactivity. This ensures that validators remain active and engaged in maintaining the network's security and operation. Fees Applicable on the Ethereum Blockchain 1. Gas Fees: Calculation: Gas fees are calculated based on the computational complexity of transactions and smart contract executions. Each operation on the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) has an associated gas cost. Dynamic Adjustment: The base fee introduced by EIP-1559 dynamically adjusts according to network congestion. When demand for block space is high, the base fee increases, and when demand is low, it decreases. 2. Smart Contract Fees: Deployment and Interaction: Deploying a smart contract on Ethereum involves paying gas fees proportional to the contract's complexity and size. Interacting with deployed smart contracts (e.g., executing functions, transferring tokens) also incurs gas fees. Optimizations: Developers are incentivized to optimize their smart contracts to minimize gas usage, making transactions more cost-effective for users. 3. Asset Transfer Fees: Token Transfers: Transferring ERC-20 or other token standards involves gas fees. These fees vary based on the token's contract implementation and the current network demand.
Beginning of the period to which the disclosure relates
2024-04-20
End of the period to which the disclosure relates
2025-04-20
Energy report
Energy consumption
154.68944 (kWh/a)
Energy consumption sources and methodologies
The energy consumption of this asset is aggregated across multiple components:
To determine the energy consumption of a token, the energy consumption of the network(s) binance_smart_chain, ethereum is calculated first. Based on the crypto asset's gas consumption per network, the share of the total consumption of the respective network that is assigned to this asset is defined. When calculating the energy consumption, we used - if available - the Functionally Fungible Group Digital Token Identifier (FFG DTI) to determine all implementations of the asset of question in scope and we update the mappings regulary, based on data of the Digital Token Identifier Foundation.
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